1.  At birth and during the first year of life.
Main focus: physical development. Regulated by law and carried out in maternity hospitals and by family doctors.

2.  At ages 16–19, late puberty or immediate post-puberty period.
Focus: physical development, sexual health, and future health risks. Funded by the Estonian Health Insurance Fund as a preventive healthcare service. Performed by a men's health specialist.

3.  At ages 35–45, the post-peak physical period.
We recommend a comprehensive set of health screenings for the early detection of major general and male-specific health risks, and to intervene preventively if necessary. Performed by a men's health specialist.

4.  First prostate check at age 40.
Based on this examination, it is possible to fairly accurately assess the lifetime risk of prostate cancer and determine the optimal interval for future monitoring. Performed by a men's health specialist.

5. Regular prostate checks starting no later than age 50.
Depending on physical changes and PSA levels, checks should be done at intervals of one, two, or four years. Performed by a family doctor, men's health specialist, or urologist.